A human person is composed of which of the following three components?

The understanding of a human person as composed of a rational soul, free will, and physical body reflects a philosophical and theological perspective that has been prominent throughout history. The rational soul is often seen as the aspect of a person that engages in reasoning and cognition, distinguishing humans from other forms of life. Free will represents the capacity to make choices and act voluntarily, which is essential for moral responsibility. The physical body pertains to the tangible, material aspect of a person, encompassing all physical experiences and interactions with the world.

This perspective aligns with various philosophical doctrines, especially those rooted in classical philosophy, where the dualistic nature of humans—combining both immaterial (soul, intellect) and material (body) components—is crucial for understanding human existence, ethics, and the nature of personhood. Such a framework helps in examining a person's behavior, choices, and spirituality in a nuanced way, integrating both the physical and metaphysical dimensions of human life.